The start of a New Year can mean a fresh start not only for yourself, but also for your best friend. Here are 6 simple tips to make your pet healthier and happier.

Regular exercise. Regular exercise not only helps to keep your pet (and you) fit, but it’s a great time for bonding and sharing some good old-fashioned fun. For dog owners it’s also a good time to socialize with other dogs and their owners, as well as an opportunity to teach your pouch proper manners and walking etiquette.

How much exercise is enough? According to the Canadian Veterinary Association, dogs should have a brisk walk at least twice daily for 15 to 20 minutes. For cats, schedule at least two 15-minute play times each day. Cat tip: Laser pointer toys, while relatively inexpensive, provide not only a fun frolic for your cat, but a good source of exercise.

Good nutrition. Despite the best of intentions, those yummy leftovers and table scraps aren’t always in the best interest of your dog or cat. Leftovers can contribute to unhealthy weight gain – and also cause pets to go off their regular food, which understandably, tastes bland in comparison.

While many pet owners opt to prepare homemade food for their pets (see Cooking for your pet), many veterinarians warn that pets on a homemade diet may not be getting an adequate ratio of vitamins and minerals. Commercial pet foods are routinely tested for nutritional composition, something many pet owners are unable to do on their own. Senior dogs (age 7+), for example, are often put on a special diet that is lower in proteins and minerals and higher in fibre than what is recommended for younger dogs. So if you do opt for the homemade option, be sure to do your research.

Is your pet on the pudgy side? Excessive weight gain is a growing health risk not only for humans, but for our furry companions as well. In fact, according to the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention (APOP), 43 per cent of dogs and 53 per cent of cats are overweight. An additional 10 per cent of all dogs and 19 per cent of all cats are considered obese.

Just like for humans, an overweight pet faces an increased risk of heart and joint problems, diabetes, arthritis and other conditions. Your veterinarian can suggest a ‘reduction’ diet for your pet, and experts also recommend giving smaller, more frequent meals during the day to boost metabolism and burn more calories. When it comes to treats, moderation is key. Too many snacks and treats are thought to be the biggest cause of obesity in pets.